2022年12月 短歌
December 2022, Tanka
All rights reserved ©Rika Inami 稲美 里佳
2022年11月30日、秋田県羽後町西馬音内で700年以上にわたって踊り継がれてきた西馬音内盆踊りが風流踊(ふりゅうおどり)の一つとしてユネスコの無形文化遺産に登録されました。このたびは、西馬音内盆踊りへ10首詠いました。
On Nov.30th, 2022, Nishimonai Bon Odori/Dance was registered to UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage as one of the Furyu Odoris in Japan.
Nishimonai Bon Odori has been danced for over seven hundred years in Nishimonai, Ugo Town, Akita, Japan.
1
踊り呼ぶ囃子太鼓に笛の音は夜風ふるはせ胸をさはがす
sounds of the musical
drums and bamboo flutes
calling for dance
make night air vibrate
and my heart grow fidgety
2
ぬばたまの黒き頭巾で顔おほへば現身(うつしみ)消えてたましひとなる
covering
my face with a pitch-black hood
my earthly form
disappears and becomes
my own spirit itself
- 西馬音内盆踊りは亡者踊りとも呼ばれ、黒い彦佐頭巾といわれる頭巾や編笠を目深にかぶって顔を見せないようにして踊ります。お盆に地上に帰ってきた死者と生者が一つ輪の中で踊ることができるように顔を隠すようです。これはまた、生者にとって、この世の様々な力の束縛から解放され他の何者でもない本来的な自分自身になることに通じます。
Nishimonai Bon Odori is also called the dead’s dance and is performed by wearing a black hood called Hikosa hood and a woven hat deep and not showing the face. It seems that the faces of the dead, who have returned to this world during the Obon festival, and the living are hidden their face so that they can dance together in a dance circle. This also leads the living to feel free from the shackles of various forces in this world and become their true selves and nothing else.
3
かきたつる娘心は踊り場へ時は戌四つ端縫をまとひ
maiden’s feeling
stirred to dance
turns to its circle
around 9 P.M.
wearing Hanui dance costume
※端縫（はぬい）は西馬音内盆踊りの衣装の一つです。着物のパッチワークです。
Hanui is one of Nishimonai Bon Odori’s cistumes. It is the Kimono patchwork.
4
汗しづく み頸(うなじ)つたひ背を濡らす艶の踊りは妖しくしなふ
drops of sweat
trickle down her neck
wetting her back
alluring beautiful dance
bends bewitchingly
5
そら一杯呑みてやらむか囃子方一夜の興の音頭の地口
Now, let’s
drink sake and then start
singing
the musical accompaniments
exciting Jikuchi
6
編笠を目深にかぶる踊り子のくすりこらふる囃子の地口
she wears
the woven hat deep
smiling
at the Jikuchi lyrics
while dancing
※西馬音内盆踊りには二つの踊りがあります。一つは音頭、もう一つは願掛です。音頭の囃子方は即興的で楽しくユーモアに富んだ地口という歌詞を歌い、願掛は芸術性の高い哀愁を帯びた甚句を歌います。上の一首は踊り子が顔を隠した編笠の中で、地口を聞いて踊りながら忍び笑いする様子を詠いました。
There are two types of dances in Nishimonai Bon Odori. One is Ondo, and the other is Ganke. The Ondo’s accompaniment lyrics are called Jikuchi, which is improvisational, fun, and humorous, and the Ganke’s are called Jinku, which are highly artistic and have pathos. In the above piece #6, I expressed that a dancer puts a woven hat covering her face, and she holds back laughter while dancing and listening to Jiguchi lyrics.
7
宵たけて囃子に合せ踊り輪の永遠（とわ）の乙女の舞そろひたり
night falls…
dancing circle spreads out
to the accompaniment
eternal maidens are all
present for dancing
8
圧巻の踊り囃子に観る人も一つになるやフィナーレ燃ゆ
overwhelming
musical accompaniment…
also, spectators
becoming one to all
… Bon Odori Finale is fiery
<Two pieces of tanka for Yashima Lord Oi Gorou Mitsuyasu.>
9
天かざすもみぢは冴ゆる 大井五郎満安公自刃せし辺り
autumn crimson leaves
adoring the heaven
around where
Lord Oi Goro Mitsuyasu
committed seppuku
10
幽かなる光ほのめく… 満安公自刃せし岡 ゆるや御魂(みたま)の
Shimmering light afar…
it’s the hill where Lord Mitsuyasu
did seppuku
Ah…his soul
vibrating and drifting
※
西馬音内盆踊りの起源は豊作祈願と慰霊のためといわれています。
およそ700年以上前(1288～93年)に修行僧の源親がその年の稲の豊作を祈願して西馬音内の御嶽神社で民衆に踊らせたという説があります。
これに、1593年に西馬音内で自刃して亡くなった鳥海山麓の八島城主の大井五郎満安公の慰霊とその後の関ヶ原の戦いで滅んだ(1601年)西馬音内城主の小野寺氏を偲んで踊った盆踊りが合流したようです。
西馬音内の小野寺氏の滅亡は、その娘の嫁ぎ先であった大井五郎満安公の滅亡と深く関係があるといわれています。満安公は当時勢力を張っていた周辺の多くの武将の奸計で攻撃されました。偉丈夫で合戦に強く誉れ高いといわれていましたが、多勢に無勢、大井五郎満安公は妻の実家のある西馬音内に逃れてきました。じきに、西馬音内の小野寺氏も攻撃されるようになり、責任を感じ武士道に則り自刃したということです。
More⇒https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%A2%E5%B3%B6%E6%BA%80%E5%AE%89
写真は大井五郎満安公が自刃したといわれている周辺で撮りました。
The Nishimonai Bon Odori/Dance is said to have originated as a prayer for a good harvest and as the memorial to console the dead’s spirits.
It is said that more than 700 years ago (AD1288-93), an ascetic monk named Genshin had the folks dance Bon Odori at the Mitake Shrine in Nishimonai to pray for a good rice harvest in the year.
It seems that the above was linked up to the Bon Odori performed in memory of Goro Mitsuyasu Oi, lord of Yashima Castle at the foot of Mt. Chokai, who died by seppuku (disembowelment) in Nishimononai in 1593, and further on, in memory of Onodera, lord of Nishimonai Castle who perished in the subsequent Battle of Sekigahara (1601).
The fall of the Onodera Clan in Nishimononai is said to be deeply related to the fall of Oi Goro Mitsuyasu, who married a daughter of the Onodera Clan of Nishimonai. Mitsuyasu was attacked by the wiles of many warlords who were in power. Although he was said to be strong and honorable in battle, he was outnumbered and fled to Nishimononai, where his wife’s family lived. Soon, the Onodera Clan in Nishimononai was also attacked, and feeling seriously responsible, he committed seppuku/ disembowelment following Bushido/ Japanese Chivalry.
The photos were taken around where Oi Goro Mitsuyasu, lord of Yashima Castle, committed seppuku.
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